Original book title in Japanese: レオン・デ・ロニーと19世紀欧州東洋学. The book is divided into three parts. The first part is a critical edition of letters written by Léon de Rosny (1837-1914) and Julius Klaproth (1783-1835) to various correspondents and held in Nishogakusha University Library. It includes a biography of Léon de Rosny and a presentation of some rare editions of his books held in Nishogakusha University Library. The second part presents Japanese books related to Foreign Affairs and printed in the bakumatsu period (1853-1868). The last part of book is a transcription of letters written by Japanese scholars and officials involved in foreign affairs.

PDF

江戸時代になると、書物から新たな医学的知識が得られるようになった。17 世 紀から商業出版が発展したことにより、出版文化が本格的に普及することになった。 そしてそれにともない、 当時の人びとにとって医学関係の本が身近なものとなり、 多様な読者層を対象とした様々な書籍が出版された。17 世紀後半になると、しばしば図が使用さ れ、書物のなかでそれが文字と自由に組み合わされるようになった。問題となるのは、 イラストレーションのついた医学書・巻物を作成した当時の医 師は、どのような表現を目的としたのだろうか、あるいは、イラストレーションに 何を期待したのであろうか、という点である。 また、実際のところ読者はどのよう にイラストレーションを理解し、それを利用したのだろうか、という点も疑問であ る。本章 ではいくつかの例を取りあげながら、このような医学関連のイラストレーションを めぐる諸問題を明らかにする。

The arrival of Portuguese traders in Japan in the sixteenth century corresponded to the first detailed European descriptions of acupuncture and moxibustion. These two healing methods aroused the interest of Europeans doctors assigned to the Dutch trading post on Dejima, and, moreover, the interest of those in Europe who had access to this knowledge. This paper examines how the images depicting the acupuncture vessels were understood by Japanese and European doctors. Focusing on both medical theory and clinical practice, we aim at restoring the medical dynamic of that period, revealing some of the hybridizations that took place during the transmission process of these images, and assessing the role human mobility and texts played in the transmission of medical knowledge.

PDF

In contrast to the first European descriptions of acupuncture by Willem Ten Rhjine and Engelbert Kaempfer in the last decades of the seventeenth century, Philipp Franz von Siebold’s notes did not receive much attention upon his return to Holland in 1828. Siebold’s interest in acupuncture was different from that of his predecessors, as he was not interested in acupuncture in general – as Rhjine and Kaempfer were – but in the theories of Ishizaka Sōtetsu 石坂宗哲, an early nineteenth century Japanese acupuncturist who attempted to bridge the gap between Western and Sino-Japanese medicine. In this essay, I first reconstruct Siebold’s encounter with Ishizaka using rare materials held by Leiden University library, Leiden National Museum of Ethnology, and the Ishizaka family. Then, I review the new developments happening in Japanese acupuncture at the turn of the nineteenth century. I show how Ishizaka applied his knowledge on Western anatomy to acupuncture, contending that it gave him new methodological and epistemological tools to reconstruct acupunc- ture theories into his own theoretical framework. This allowed him to place himself in the debates that flourished in Japanese medicine since the late seventeenth century. Finally, I examine the reasons of Siebold’s interest for Ishizaka’s theories and his contribution to their diffusion in Europe.

PDF

This essay seeks to explore the early reception of the channels theory in Japan, and the sort of challenges faced by Japanese physicians in assimilating it into their medical practice by determining what Chinese textbooks were available to Japanese physicians and how they selected them and appropriated their content. I first review the reception of Chinese acupuncture in the classical and medieval periods, arguing that the turning point in Japan was the transmission of Hua Shou’s 滑壽 Shisijing fahui 十四經發揮 (Elucidation of the Fourteen Channels) in the late medieval period. Although major Chinese medical books explaining the channels theory had been transmitted to Japan, knowledge on the channels was not diffused to a large number of Japanese physicians and was not yet applied to clinical practice prior to the introduction of Hua Shou’s textbook. I analyze particularly the role Manase Dōsan 曲直瀬道三 (1507-1594) played in the adoption of this textbook as the authoritative text on the channels theory. I also argue that the visual innovations in the representation of the course of the channels and the location of the acupuncture points on the body in the second half of the seventeenth century functioned as multi-media pedagogical tools to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge on the channels theory.

PDF

Contact